Short-run stabilisation policies will not do: the case for a Keynesian New Deal at the European and global level

Eckhard Hein

The world economy is still struggling with its most severe crisis since the Great Depression of the late 1920s and 1930s. On the one hand, the present crisis began as a financial crisis which started with the collapse of the subprime mortgage market in the US in summer 2007, which then gained momentum with the breakdown of Lehman Brothers in September 2008 and reached another climax with the Euro crisis in early to mid 2010. On the other hand, the present crisis began as a real crisis well before the financial crisis, with an economic downswing in the US. The financial crisis and the real crisis reinforced each other, and the world economy was hit by a decline in real GDP in 2009 – something not seen for generations. Major regions in the world are only slowly recovering from this decline, in particular the Euro area, the UK and Japan. Furthermore, none of the economies which have been hit severely will have returned to the pre-crisis growth path by the end of 2010. Therefore, massive underutilisation of productive capacity, high unemployment and a downward pressure on wages will have to be tackled in the future.

The German economic model emerges reinforced from the crisis

Stefan Beck

Christoph Scherrer

For years, the business press has portrayed the German economic model as hopelessly atavistic in the face of dynamic Anglo-Saxon financial innovation and comparatively high growth rates. Recently, however, the economic historian Werner Abelshauser argued that the financial crisis would vindicate the German model of capitalism. In his view, the fading lustre of Anglo-Saxon capitalism, in particular its model of corporate governance and dominance of shareholder value, should again lead to the German or “Rhenish” model of diversified quality production and its institutions becoming more attractive.

We argue here that Germany’s response to the crisis has reinforced the central strategies and core institutions of the German economy. At the same time, the model has become more and more exclusive and has begun to foster European and international economic imbalances.